EduTek Lesson Notes

Quick calculations using ready reckoners, percentages, profit and loss, simple interest.

Introduction to algebraic expressions, variables, coefficients, constants, collecting like terms, expanding brackets (single and double), special products (difference of squares, perfect squares), and substitution.

Types of angles (acute, right, obtuse, straight, reflex, complete), complementary and supplementary angles, angles on a straight line, angles at a point, vertically opposite angles, parallel lines and transversals (corresponding, alternate, and co-interior angles).

Types of triangles (by sides and by angles), sum of interior angles, exterior angle theorem, isosceles and equilateral triangle properties, Pythagoras theorem, and word problems.

Introduction to the Cartesian plane, quadrants, plotting points, linear graphs (y=mx+c), gradient (slope), y-intercept, and types of gradients. Includes interactive diagrams and worked examples.

Finding the equation of a straight line using gradient and y-intercept, point-gradient form, and two points. Parallel and perpendicular lines. Includes worked examples and interactive diagrams.

Introduction to indices, laws of indices (multiplication, division, power of power, zero index, negative index, fractional index), and extended rules. Includes worked examples and common mistakes.

Advanced indices: negative indices, fractional indices, solving equations with indices, and simplifying complex expressions. Includes worked examples and common mistakes.

Solving linear equations in one variable, including simple equations, equations with variables on both sides, equations with brackets, equations with fractions, and word problems. Includes worked examples and practice questions.

Introduction to logarithms, definition, conversion between exponential and logarithmic forms, laws of logarithms (product, quotient, power, change of base), and solving simple logarithmic equations.

Advanced logarithms: characteristic and mantissa, using logarithm tables, calculations with logarithms (multiplication, division, powers, roots), antilogarithms, and solving complex logarithmic equations.

Concept of modulo, congruence, addition, subtraction, and multiplication in modular arithmetic. Applications including clock arithmetic and real-world uses.

Introduction to number bases (binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal), place value, conversion from other bases to base 10, and conversion from base 10 to other bases.

Addition, subtraction, and multiplication in number bases (binary, octal, and hexadecimal). Carrying and borrowing rules for different bases.

Introduction to quadratic equations, factorizing quadratic expressions (x^2 + bx + c and ax^2 + bx + c), solving quadratic equations by factorization, difference of two squares, and word problems leading to quadratic equations.

Solving quadratic equations by completing the square and using the quadratic formula. The discriminant and nature of roots. Word problems leading to quadratic equations.

Introduction to sets, methods of describing sets (roster and set-builder), types of sets (finite, infinite, empty, universal), cardinality, subsets, proper subsets, and complements.

Set operations: union (?), intersection (?), difference (?), and complement (?). Venn diagrams, laws of set operations, and practical applications with worked examples.

Venn diagrams: two-set and three-set diagrams, regions, word problems, inclusion-exclusion principle, and practical applications of Venn diagrams.

Solving simultaneous equations using elimination, substitution, and graphical methods. Types of solutions (unique, no solution, infinite). Word problems with simultaneous equations.

100 objective questions and 20 theory questions covering all three terms: Number Bases, Modular Arithmetic, Indices, Logarithms, Surds, Sets, Algebra, Linear Equations, Simultaneous Equations, Quadratic Equations, Graphs, Variation, and Geometry (Angles, Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Polygons). Includes diagrams and full answers.

Comprehensive revision of all topics from First Term (Number Bases, Modular Arithmetic, Indices, Logarithms, Surds) and Second Term (Sets, Venn Diagrams, Algebraic Expressions, Linear Equations, Simultaneous Equations, Quadratic Equations). Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Comprehensive revision of all Second Term topics: Sets I, II & III (Venn Diagrams), Algebraic Expressions, Linear Equations, Simultaneous Equations, Quadratic Equations I & II. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Comprehensive revision of all Third Term topics: Graphs I & II, Variation I & II, Geometry I (Angles & Parallel Lines), Geometry II (Triangles & Pythagoras), Geometry III (Quadrilaterals & Polygons). Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Comprehensive revision of all First Term topics: Number Bases I & II, Modular Arithmetic, Indices I & II, Logarithms I & II, Surds I & II. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Introduction to surds, simplification of surds, addition and subtraction of surds, multiplication and division of surds, rationalising the denominator, and conjugates.

Advanced surds: expanding brackets with surds, division of surds, rationalising with binomial denominators, and solving equations involving surds.

Introduction to variation: direct variation (y = kx), inverse variation (y = k/x), constant of variation, solving problems involving direct and inverse variation, and real-life applications.

Joint variation (y = kxz), joint and inverse variation (y = kxz/w), partial variation (y = ax + b), solving problems involving joint and partial variation, and real-life applications.

Comprehensive lesson note on Density and Relative Density for SS1 Physics covering definition (? = m/V), relative density (specific gravity), measurement methods (regular, irregular objects, density bottle), Archimedes' principle applications, and real-world uses with worked examples and a mass-volume graph.

Concept of elasticity, Hooke's Law (F = kx), elastic limit, stress and strain, Young's modulus, elastic vs plastic deformation, practical applications, and experiments.

Definition of force, types of forces (contact and non-contact), Newton's three laws of motion, mass vs weight, free body diagrams, and practical activities.

Definition of friction, types of friction (static, sliding, rolling, fluid), factors affecting friction, coefficient of friction, advantages and disadvantages of friction, ways to increase and reduce friction, and practical activities.

Comprehensive lesson note on Gas Laws for SS1 Physics covering Boyle's Law (P?V? = P?V?), Charles's Law (V?/T? = V?/T?), Pressure Law (P?/T? = P?/T?), Combined Gas Law, General Gas Equation (PV = nRT), applications (breathing, hot air balloons, syringes), and worked examples with graphs.

Comprehensive lesson note on Temperature and Thermometers for SS1 Physics covering definition of temperature vs heat, types of thermometers, Celsius/Fahrenheit/Kelvin scales, conversion formulas, thermometric properties, mercury vs alcohol comparison, calibration, and worked examples with a Celsius-Fahrenheit graph.

Comprehensive lesson note on Thermal Expansion for SS1 Physics covering expansion in solids (linear, area, volume), expansion in liquids (including anomalous expansion of water), expansion in gases, applications (bimetallic strips, thermostats, expansion gaps), and consequences with worked examples and a density-temperature graph.

Comprehensive lesson note on Thermal Conductivity for SS1 Physics covering definition, good vs bad conductors, Fourier's law, factors affecting conductivity, applications of conductors and insulators, and worked examples with a conductivity comparison chart.

Comprehensive lesson note on Latent Heat for SS1 Physics covering definition, latent heat of fusion (L_f = Q/m), latent heat of vaporization (L_v = Q/m), heating and cooling curves, applications (refrigeration, sweating, steam cooking), and worked examples with graphs.

What is physics, branches of physics, importance of physics, fundamental and derived quantities, scalars and vectors, scientific notation, prefixes, and measurement in physics.

Comprehensive lesson note on Light and Reflection for SS1 Physics covering nature of light, rectilinear propagation, laws of reflection (i = r), specular vs diffuse reflection, plane mirrors, image characteristics (virtual, upright, same size, laterally inverted), real vs virtual images, applications (periscopes, mirrors), and worked examples.

Comprehensive lesson note on Refraction for SS1 Physics covering definition, laws of refraction (Snell's Law, n = sin i / sin r), refractive index (n = c/v), critical angle and total internal reflection (sin c = 1/n), applications (prisms, optical fibres, mirages, lenses), and worked examples with a refractive index comparison chart.

Comprehensive lesson note on Lenses for SS1 Physics covering types of lenses (convex/concave), lens terminology (optical centre, principal axis, focus, focal length), ray diagrams, lens formula (1/f = 1/u + 1/v), magnification (m = v/u), applications (cameras, projectors, microscopes, telescopes, glasses), and worked examples.

Concept of measurement, measuring instruments (length, mass, time, temperature), errors in measurement (systematic, random, gross), zero error, precision vs accuracy, significant figures, unit conversions, and practical activities.

Concept of moments (turning effect), moment formula, Principle of Moments, centre of gravity, types of equilibrium, practical applications, and experiments.

Definition of motion, distance vs displacement, speed vs velocity, acceleration, derivation of equations of motion (algebraic and graphical methods), applications, and practical activities.

Comprehensive lesson note on Pressure for SS1 Physics covering definition (P = F/A), pressure in fluids (P = ?gh), atmospheric pressure, Pascal's Principle, and real-life applications with worked examples and a pressure vs depth chart.

Comprehensive revision lesson note for SS1 Physics covering ALL topics from First Term (Introduction to Physics, Measurement, Scalars & Vectors, Motion, Force, Friction, Work/Energy/Power, Moments, Elasticity) and Second Term (Pressure, Density, Relative Density, Thermometers, Thermal Expansion, Thermal Conductivity, Latent Heat, Gas Laws, Reflection) with complete formula summary, mixed practice questions, and examination preparation tips.

Comprehensive revision lesson note for SS1 Physics Second Term covering Pressure, Density and Relative Density, Temperature and Thermometers, Thermal Expansion, Thermal Conductivity, Latent Heat, Gas Laws, and Light Reflection with mixed practice questions, formula summary, and examination preparation tips.

Scalar and vector quantities, difference between speed and velocity, distance and displacement, vector addition (same direction, opposite direction, perpendicular), resultant vectors, real-life applications, and practical activities.

Comprehensive revision of all First Term topics: Introduction to Physics, Measurement, Scalars and Vectors, Position and Motion, Force I, Force II (Friction), Work Energy and Power, Moments, and Elasticity. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Definition of work, energy and power; kinetic and potential energy; conservation of energy; derivations of KE and PE; power calculations; real-life applications; and practical activities.

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Compass bearings, true bearings, angles of elevation and depression, and 3D trigonometry applications.

Angle properties of circles, tangent properties, angles in alternate segments, tangents from an external point, and cyclic quadrilaterals.

Distance between two points, midpoint, gradient, equation of a straight line, and parallel/perpendicular lines.

Cumulative frequency tables, drawing ogives, and finding median, quartiles, and percentiles.

Sequences and series � nth term, sum of n terms, geometric means, common ratio, and infinite G.P.

Sketching sine, cosine, and tangent graphs, identifying amplitude, period, and phase shift.

Class boundaries, class intervals, class marks, drawing histograms, and interpreting frequency distributions.

Introduction to logarithms, laws of logarithms, solving logarithmic and exponential equations, and applications.

Introduction to logic � propositions, truth tables, logical operators, and applications in mathematics.

Types of matrices, matrix operations, determinants of 2x2 and 3x3 matrices, inverse of a matrix, and application to simultaneous equations.

Definition of modulus, solving equations and inequalities involving absolute values, and graphical representation.

Polynomial expressions, factor theorem, remainder theorem, and factorization of polynomials.

Mutually exclusive events, independent events, complementary events, and solving probability problems using addition and multiplication rules.

Experimental outcomes, sample space, events, and calculating probabilities using theoretical and experimental approaches.

Measures of position � quartiles, deciles, and percentiles for ungrouped and grouped data.

Simplifying rational expressions, resolving into partial fractions for proper and improper fractions.

Solving systems of linear equations (2�2 and 3�3) using elimination, substitution, and matrix methods.

The sine rule and cosine rule for solving non-right-angled triangles, with applications to real-world problems.

100 objective questions and 20 theory questions covering all SS2 topics with diagrams. Includes answer key and printable format.

Mean, median, and mode for ungrouped and grouped data, with examples and applications.

Range, variance, standard deviation, and interquartile range for ungrouped and grouped data.

Complete guide to surds simplification, operations, and rationalisation.

Sine, cosine, tangent ratios, trigonometric identities, and solving trigonometric equations.

Direct variation, inverse variation, joint variation, and partial variation with real-life applications.

AC vs DC, AC generation, RMS and average values, frequency, period, phase, impedance, transformers, power factor, and applications of alternating current.

Primary and secondary cells, simple cell, dry cell, lead-acid accumulator, EMF, internal resistance, and series/parallel connections of cells.

Definition of electric current, Ohm's Law, resistance, factors affecting resistance, conductors and insulators, and measurement of current.

Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, generators, motors, transformers, self and mutual induction, and applications of electromagnetic induction.

Electromagnetic spectrum, properties of EM waves, types of EM radiation, applications, dangers, and comparison with mechanical waves.

Magnetic fields, magnetic effect of a current, solenoids, electromagnets, force on a current-carrying conductor, Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, and applications of electromagnetism.

Semiconductors, PN junction, diodes, transistors, logic gates, amplifiers, rectifiers, sensors, and integrated circuits.

Renewable and non-renewable energy sources: solar, wind, hydroelectric, nuclear, geothermal, biomass. Energy efficiency, conservation, and Nigeria's energy situation.

Difference between evaporation and boiling, factors affecting evaporation, cooling effect of evaporation, boiling point, latent heat of vaporisation, and heating curve of water.

Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Pressure Law, General Gas Equation, and applications of gas laws.

Difference between heat and temperature, thermometers, temperature scales, conversion between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, and methods of heat transfer.

Laws of reflection, types of reflection (regular and diffuse), plane mirrors, image formation, and applications of reflection.

Refraction of light, Snell's Law, refractive index, real and apparent depth, total internal reflection, critical angle, and dispersion of light.

Magnetic fields, properties of lines of force, domain theory, Earth's magnetic field, plotting magnetic fields, types of magnets, and classification of magnetic materials.

Atomic structure, isotopes, radioactivity, types of radiation (alpha, beta, gamma), half-life, nuclear fission and fusion, and applications of nuclear physics.

Microscope, telescope, periscope, camera. Magnification, types of lenses, working principles, applications, and comparison of optical instruments.

Series and parallel connections of resistors, total resistance calculations, current and voltage distribution, and combined series-parallel circuits.

Satellite orbits (GEO, MEO, LEO), GPS, telecommunications, frequency bands, uplink and downlink, applications, and limitations of satellite communication.

Types of simple machines (lever, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wedge, wheel and axle), mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency, and calculations.

Production and propagation of sound, speed of sound in different media, factors affecting speed, characteristics of sound (pitch, loudness, quality), echo, reverberation, and applications of sound.

Comprehensive revision of all First Term topics: Heat and Temperature, Thermal Expansion, Thermal Conductivity, Gas Laws, Evaporation and Boiling, Structure of Matter, Work Energy and Power, Simple Machines, Reflection, and Refraction. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Comprehensive revision of all Second Term topics: Heat and Temperature (revision), Electric Current, Resistors in Series and Parallel, Cells and Batteries, Electromagnetism, Wave Motion, Sound Waves, Electromagnetic Waves, Alternating Current, and Electronics. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

Comprehensive revision of all Third Term topics: Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction, Wave-Particle Duality, Nuclear Physics, Energy Production, Satellite Communication, and Optical Instruments. Includes summary tables, key formulas, and practice questions.

100 objective questions and 20 theory questions covering all three terms: Heat, Electricity, Waves, Magnetism, Nuclear Physics, Energy Production, Satellite Communication, and Optical Instruments. Includes diagrams and full answers.

States of matter (solid, liquid, gas), kinetic theory, changes of state, Brownian motion, diffusion, and elements, compounds, and mixtures.

Conductors and insulators, factors affecting thermal conductivity, formula for thermal conductivity, rate of heat flow, and applications of thermal conductivity.

Linear, area, and volume expansion, coefficients of expansion, anomalous expansion of water, applications of thermal expansion, and bimetallic strips.

Types of waves (transverse and longitudinal), wave parameters (amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, speed), wave equation, and applications of wave motion.

Nature of light, wave and particle properties, photoelectric effect, Einstein's equation, de Broglie hypothesis, and applications of wave-particle duality.

Advanced treatment of work, energy and power: Work-Energy Theorem, Conservation of Mechanical Energy, graphical analysis (force-distance graphs), machines (MA, VR, efficiency), and advanced power calculations. Continuation from SS1 foundation.